GEO卫星全电推进技术研究及启示

介绍了国外地球静止轨道(GEO)通信卫星典型平台波音卫星系统-702SP(BSS-702SP)的全电推进技术;分析了全电推进平台的优势,包括有效载荷承载率高、整星质量小和发射成本低;从电推进系统、变轨策略和有效载荷运输能力方面介绍了当前的技术水平;给出了发展全电推进通信卫星的几点启示,即加速发展电推进技术和全电推进姿态轨道控制技术,以及辐射防护和长期变轨期间的运行管理技术。     

深空辐射条件下EDFA波分复用性能研究

随着对空间试验卫星光通信系统数据容量需求的逐年增加,空间波分复用技术将成为拓展通信容量的有效手段,需要研究掺铒光纤放大器(Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier,EDFA)波分复用特性在深空辐射条件下的性能变化情况。研究了深空辐射及温度场对EDFA的性能影响、非均匀特性,建立了深空辐射条件下EDFA的波分复用(Wavelength Division Multiplexing,WDM)技术信号之间的增益影响模型,给出了增益的非均匀变化影响的评估方法。并分别采用电子和中子作为辐射源,进行了地面模拟深空辐射环境的辐射电离效应和辐射位移效应实验,实验结果进一步验证了该模型正确性。利用该模型,可获得深空辐射环境中,不同辐射类型、不同温度下,EDFA在WDM应用时各波长增益的非均匀特性,可为深空光通信中EDFA的WDM应用提供参考。     

一种新型大功率升降压变换器及控制方法

现有的升降压拓扑中双管级联变换器最符合高效大功率场合的使用要求,但如果工作模式标准选择不当,串联结构和Boost电路的非线性直流增益很容易在升降压转换过程中产生严重的振荡。本文提出了一种新颖的大功率IPOSBHB变换器,阐述了其电路结构及基本关系,建立了降压模式和升压模式下的开环小信号模型,设计了载波平移的组合控制方法,分析了升降压模式切换时传递函数的不一致性、占空比的不连续性和输入电压的扰动对变换器输出特性的影响,并给出了补偿措施。本文提出的载波平移组合控制策略和补偿方法很容易实现稳态时的高效控制和升降压模式切换时的平滑过渡,同时降低了输入电压扰动的不利影响。通过一台15 k W样机对本文提出的理论加以验证。     

单频GPS载波相位相对定位研究

利用 GPS载波相位作为观测量 ,研究了采用最小二乘法和 FARA法相结合进行整周模糊度搜索和相对定位的方法 ,并探讨了影响相对定位精度的主要因素和解决途径 ,进行了相关的实验研究。实验结果表明 :在短基线的条件下 ,采用该方法进行 GPS载波相位测量的静态相对定位精度可优于 1cm。     

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

Neutral density shows complicated temporal and spatial variations driven by external forcing of the thermosphere/ionosphere system, internal dynamics, and thermosphere and ionosphere coupling. Temporal variations include abrupt changes with a time scale of minutes to hours, diurnal variation, multi-day variation, solar-rotational variation, annual/semiannual variation, solar-cycle variation, and long-term trends with a time scale of decades. Spatial variations include latitudinal and longitudinal variations, as well as variation with altitude. Atmospheric drag on satellites varies strongly as a function of thermospheric mass density. Errors in estimating density cause orbit prediction error, and impact satellite operations including accurate catalog maintenance, collision avoidance for manned and unmanned space flight, and re-entry prediction. In this paper, we summarize and discuss these density variations, their magnitudes, and their forcing mechanisms, using neutral density data sets and modeling results. The neutral density data sets include neutral density observed by the accelerometers onboard the Challenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP), neutral density at satellite perigees, and global-mean neutral density derived from thousands of orbiting objects. Modeling results are from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM), and from the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model.     

蜂窝夹层结构吸波材料浸渍胶液体系的研究

本文对组成浸渍胶液体系的基本成分(基料及吸收剂)及其制备工艺对吸收剂导电结构的影响进行了研究,并总结出了影响吸波性能的基本规律。     

基于复近似消息传递的前视雷达成像分辨率增强算法

当机载/弹载雷达工作在前视状态时,由于成像场景内不同角度处目标的多普勒差异很小,很难得到 高的角度分辨率。针对海面舰船目标的前视成像应用,利用成像区域具有明显稀疏性的特点,提出一种基于复 近似消息传递压缩感知处理的前视成像角度分辨率增强算法,建立前视成像的线性观测信号模型,给出复近似 消息传递的迭代计算过程,以及多通道雷达前视成像的处理流程。通过仿真数据和 X 波段雷达实测数据的处 理结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于MEMD和ELM的飞机机翼健康状态预测技术

复合材料在现代飞机结构中的应用越来越广泛,为了有效地对飞机机翼健康状态进行预测,提出了基于多元经验模态分解(MEMD)和极限学习机(ELM)的飞机机翼健康状态预测方法。以某型飞机复合材料机翼盒段为具体研究对象,对其进行冲击与疲劳加载试验,利用光纤传感器及其采集系统募集飞机复合材料机翼盒段的原始应变信息,对其健康状态予以表征。对所采集的原始应变信息进行MEMD分解,提取分解后各频带信号的能量熵作为表征飞机复合材料机翼盒段健康状态的特征信息,采用动态主元分析法(DPCA)将所提取的能量熵特征信息进行融合,采用融合后所得到的能量熵构建ELM预测模型,对某型飞机复合材料机翼盒段健康状态进行预测。试验研究表明,本文方法可以有效实现飞机机翼的健康状态预测,具有很好的应用前景。     

Trends in the Neutral and Ionized Upper Atmosphere

This article reviews our knowledge of long-term changes and trends in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. These changes are part of complex and comprehensive pattern of long-term trends in the Earth’s atmosphere. They also have practical impact. For example, decreasing thermospheric density causes the lifetime of orbiting space debris to increase, which is becoming a significant threat to important satellite technologies. Since the first paper on upper atmosphere trends was published in 1989, our knowledge has progressed considerably. Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases affect the whole atmosphere, not only the troposphere. They cause warming in the troposphere but cooling in the upper atmosphere. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are not the only driver of long-term changes and trends in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Anthropogenic changes of stratospheric ozone, long-term changes of geomagnetic and solar activity, and other drivers play a role as well, although greenhouse gases appear to be the main driver of long-term trends. This makes the pattern of trends more complex and variable. A?consistent, although incomplete, scenario of trends in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere is presented. Trends in F2-region ionosphere parameters, in mesosphere-lower thermosphere dynamics, and in noctilucent or polar mesospheric clouds, are discussed in more detail. Advances in observational and theoretical analysis have explained some previous discrepancies in this global trend scenario. An important role in trend investigations is played by model simulations, which facilitate understanding of the mechanisms behind the observed trends.     

卫星间光通讯系统中比特率等主要参量对最大通讯距离的影响

文中讨论了在保证卫星间光通讯系统的通讯质量前提下，系统的各个主要参量之间的相互制约关系，最大通讯距离受各参量影响的情况。通过分析各个参量对通讯距离影响的大小，找出了增大通讯距离的较好途径。